Contents
12.1 General Principles
12.2 Physical Layout and Facilities
12.3 Electrical Installations and Devices
12.4 Starting, Actuation and Stopping Devices
12.5 Safety Systems
12.6 Emergency Stop Devices
12.7 Pressurized Components
12.8 Material Conveyors
12.9 Ergonomic Aspects
12.10 Additional Risks
12.11 Maintenance, Inspection, Preparation, Adjustment, Repair and Cleaning
12.12 Signage
12.13 Manuals
12.14 Work and Safety Procedures
12.15 Design, Manufacturing, Import, Sale, Rental, Auction, Assignment in any form and Exhibition
12.16 Training
12.17 Other Specific Safety Requirements
12.18 Final Provisions
Annex I - Requirements for the use of optoelectronic presence detectors
Annex II - Training program content
Annex III - Means of access to machinery and equipment
Annex IV - Glossary
Annex V - Chainsaws
Annex VI - Bakery and confectionery machinery
Annex VII - Machinery for butcher shops, grocery stores, bars and restaurants
Annex VIII - Presses and similar equipment
Annex IX - Plastic injection molding machines
Annex X - Footwear manufacturing and related machinery
Annex XI - Agricultural and forestry machinery and implements
Annex XII - Lifting equipment for personnel lifting and height work operations
12.1 General Principles
12.1.1 This Regulatory Standard (NR) and its annexes define technical references, fundamental principles and protection measures to safeguard workers' health and physical integrity, and establish minimum requirements for the prevention of occupational accidents and diseases during the design and use phases of machinery and equipment, as well as their manufacturing, import, commercialization, exhibition and assignment in any title, in all economic activities, without prejudice to compliance with other NRs approved by MTb Ordinance No. 3.214 of June 8, 1978, official technical standards or applicable international standards; and in the absence or omission thereof, optionally, harmonized European Type "C" standards may be adopted.
12.1.1.1 The use phase is understood as the transportation, assembly, installation, adjustment, operation, cleaning, maintenance, inspection, decommissioning and dismantling of the machine or equipment.
12.1.2 The provisions of this NR apply to new and used machinery and equipment, except for items with specific mention regarding applicability.
12.1.3 Machinery and equipment provenly intended for export are exempt from compliance with the technical safety requirements set forth in this NR.
12.1.4 This NR does not apply to:
a) Machinery and equipment driven or powered by human or animal force;
b) Machinery and equipment exhibited in museums, fairs and events for historical purposes or considered antiques and no longer used for production purposes, provided that measures are adopted to ensure the physical safety of visitors and exhibitors;
c) Machinery and equipment classified as household appliances.
d) Static equipment;
e) Electrically operated portable tools and transportable (semi-stationary) tools that comply with the construction principles established in national Type "C" technical standards (general and specific part), or in the absence thereof, in applicable international technical standards;
f) Machinery certified by INMETRO, provided that all technical construction requirements related to machine safety are met.
12.1.4.1 The provisions of NR-12 shall apply to machinery integrated into static equipment.
12.1.5 The safe movement of machinery and equipment outside the company's physical premises is allowed for repairs, adaptations, technological modernization, decommissioning, dismantling and disposal.
12.1.6 Segregation, locking and signage are permitted to prevent the use of machinery and equipment while awaiting repairs, safety adaptations, technological updating, decommissioning, dismantling and disposal.
12.1.7 The employer shall adopt protection measures for work on machinery and equipment capable of safeguarding workers' health and physical integrity.
12.1.8 The following protection measures shall be adopted in this order of priority:
a) Collective protection measures;
b) Administrative or work organization measures;
c) Personal protection measures.
12.1.9 When applying this NR and its annexes, the characteristics of machinery and equipment, the production process, risk assessment and state of the art shall be taken into account.
12.1.9.1 The adoption of safety systems in hazard zones shall consider the technical characteristics of the machine and the work process, as well as existing measures and technical alternatives, in order to achieve the required safety level established in this NR.
12.1.9.1.1 Existing technical alternatives are understood as those provided for in this NR and its Annexes, as well as in official technical standards or applicable international standards; and in the absence or omission thereof, harmonized European Type "C" standards.
12.1.9.2 Compliance with new requirements from technical standards published after the date of manufacture, import or adaptation of machinery and equipment is not mandatory, provided they comply with Regulatory Standard No. 12 issued by SIT Ordinance No. 197 of December 17, 2010, published in the Official Federal Gazette on December 24, 2010, its annexes and subsequent amendments, as well as the technical standards in force at the time of their manufacture, import or adaptation.
12.1.10 Workers shall:
a) Follow all guidelines regarding safe procedures for the operation, feeding, supply, cleaning, maintenance, inspection, transportation, decommissioning, dismantling and disposal of machinery and equipment;
b) Not make any modifications to mechanical guards or safety devices of machinery and equipment that may endanger their own health and physical integrity or that of third parties;
c) Report to the immediate superior if any guard or safety device has been removed, damaged or has lost its function;
d) Participate in training provided by the employer to meet the requirements set forth in this NR;
e) Collaborate with the employer in the implementation of the provisions contained in this NR.
12.1.11 Domestic or imported machinery manufactured in accordance with NBR ISO 13849 Parts 1 and 2 shall be deemed compliant with the safety requirements laid down in this NR regarding safety-related control system parts.
12.1.12 Robotic systems complying with the provisions of ABNT ISO 10218-1, ABNT ISO 10218-2, ISO/TS 15066 and other official technical standards, or in the absence or omission thereof, applicable international standards, shall be considered compliant with the safety requirements set forth in this NR.
12.2 Physical Layout and Facilities
12.2.1 In installation sites of machinery and equipment, circulation areas shall be properly demarcated in accordance with official technical standards.
12.2.1.1 Demarcation of circulation areas is allowed using markers, bollards or other physical means.
12.2.1.2 Circulation areas shall be kept unobstructed.
12.2.2 The minimum distance between machines, according to their characteristics and applications, shall ensure worker safety during operation, maintenance, adjustment, cleaning and inspection, and allow body movement suitable to the nature of the task.
12.2.3 Circulation areas, material storage areas and spaces around machines shall be designed, sized and maintained so that workers and mechanical or manual material handlers can move safely.
12.2.4 The floor of workplaces with installed machinery and equipment, as well as circulation areas, shall withstand the applied loads and shall not present accident risks.
12.2.5 Tools used in the production process shall be organized and stored or arranged in specific designated places.
12.2.6 Stationary machinery shall be provided with preventive stability measures to avoid tipping or involuntary displacement caused by vibrations, impacts, foreseeable external forces, internal dynamic forces or any other accidental cause.
12.2.6.1 Stationary machinery installed after SIT Ordinance No. 197 of December 17, 2010, published in the Official Federal Gazette on December 24, 2010, shall comply with the necessary requirements provided by the manufacturer; in the absence thereof, foundation, fixing, damping and leveling shall follow a project prepared by a legally qualified professional.
12.2.7 Mobile machinery fitted with casters shall have at least two casters equipped with locks.
12.2.8 Machinery, circulation areas, workstations and any other places where workers may be present shall be positioned so that no aerial transport and movement of materials takes place over workers.
12.2.8.1 Cable car load transport is permitted inside and outside industrial buildings, provided there are no workstations under its route, except those essential for inspection and maintenance, which shall be scheduled and performed in accordance with this NR and Regulatory Standard No. 35 – Work at Height.
12.2.9 In cases where specific regulations or sectoral NRs establish requirements for signage, physical layout, circulation and storage, the specific regulation or sectoral NR shall prevail.
